The practice of modern medicine has been greatly enhanced by imaging modalities since the advent of X-rays. Radiology is the branch of medicine that uses imaging modalities to study body cavities and tissues and reach a diagnosis after identifying the presenting signs.
In this course, the student will be introduced to the basic aspects of imaging modalities as well as the radiological findings of the common conditions affecting the thorax, abdomen, pelvis, musculoskeletal system, and cranial vault. Additionally, general considerations regarding imaging studies in the pediatric population will be touched upon.
Radiological studies are an integral part of the current medical practice. Several conditions require an X-ray or a computed tomography (CT) scan for a definitive diagnosis. Some conditions, such as pancreatitis, rely on imaging modalities for the assessment of severity and to determine staging. Thus, a competent practitioner should be familiar with the available imaging modalities in their area of practice and also be aware of the medical conditions for which each of these modalities can be used.
Imaging modalities can be resource-intensive, especially in low-income areas; however, if a clinician is well versed with the working of different modalities and the diagnostic yield in each condition, the cost effectiveness of imaging modalities can be easily justified.
Learning objectives
After the completion of this course, you will be able to:
- Explain physical principles and terminology across imaging modalities (X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound, nuclear imaging).
- Describe the components and operational principles of different imaging equipment.
- Analyze technical aspects of imaging procedures, including contrast use and imaging planes.
- Evaluate radiation safety principles and protection methods.
- Compare advantages, disadvantages, and contraindications of different imaging modalities.
- Identify normal anatomical structures across imaging modalities in adult and pediatric patients.
- Demonstrate a systematic approach to image interpretation, particularly chest X-rays.
- Recognize pathological findings and distinguish them from artifacts and medical devices.
- Apply radiological classification systems and diagnostic criteria when appropriate.
- Identify radiological manifestations of malignancies and metastases.
- Evaluate the role of imaging in disease screening and monitoring.
- Describe specialized imaging applications in specific fields (e.g., obstetric ultrasound).
Course outline
- Osteology Review
- Introduction to Imaging
- Thoracic Radiology
- Abdominal Radiology
- Musculoskeletal Radiology
- Neuroradiology
- Pediatric Radiology
